Ubayd V. Okimbekov
Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences
DOI: 10.24412/2541-9056-2025-437-27-37
Keywords: Afghanistan, Taliban, state budget, fiscal year, afghani, external aid, development programs
Abstract
The relative economic and political stability of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, which existed from 2001 up until its fall in August 2021, was sustained by large-scale material, technical, humanitarian, and military support from the US-led Western coalition. Approximately 70% of the expenditures of the annually increasing state budget were financed through direct foreign injections. The return to power of the Taliban movement in August 2021 drastically altered the situation: the operations of foreign contracting companies were scaled down, external financing ceased completely, and the country was subjected to sanctions. Consequently, the analysis of Afghanistan’s contemporary budget structure and the sources for covering state expenditures has gained scientific and practical relevance. This article presents the first comprehensive study in the academic literature of the financial situation of the Taliban government. The work is based on an analysis of official Afghan statistics, materials from international financial institutions, and open internet resources. The scientific novelty of the research lies in conducting a detailed comparative analysis of the state budget’s revenue and expenditure structure during the Taliban’s first year in power compared to the two previous years, as well as in projecting the financial status of the new authorities through mid-2025. The article identifies the dynamics of key revenue sources under conditions of international isolation and assesses the degree of resilience of Afghanistan’s budgetary system in the current political and economic realities, forecasting its development in the medium term. The study’s results are of practical value for understanding the fiscal and economic policies of the authorities and their potential for autonomous functioning.
ГИЦР-2025-№4_в-28-38Download
Bibliographic references
1. Elagin D.P. Osobennosti sovremennoj social`no-e`konomicheskoj modeli Afganistana: vliyanie vnutrennego vooruzhennogo konflikta // Social`ny`e i politicheskie processy` na Vostoke. Kul`turno-slozhny`e obshhestva v musul`manskom areale, geopoliticheskaya dinamika. Trudy` Instituta vostokovedeniya RAN. – 2019. – Vy`pusk 26. – S. 379–395. https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=41479138 &ysclid=mixh7rxekq267113507
2. Machitidze G.G. SShA-Afganistan: krax asimmetrichnogo al`yansa // Mezhdunarodny`e processy`. – 2022. – T. 20. – №4 (71). – C. 23–36. DOI: 10.17994/IT.2022.20.4.71.3, https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=54379534&ysclid=mixgpi8yi5925421808
3. Mitrofanenkova O.E. Istochniki finansirovaniya dvizheniya «Taliban» (2001–2021) // Rossiya i mir: nauchny`j dialog. – 2023. – №2(8). – S. 32-42. DOI: 10.53658/RW2023-3-2(8)-32-42, https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=54209330
4. Nessar M.O. Sovremenny`j Afganistan: faktory` nestabil`nosti // Rossiya i mir: nauchny`j dialog. – 2022. – №2(4). – S. 38–49. DOI: 10.53658/RW2022-2-2(4)-38-49, https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=48863926
5. Nessar O.M. Genezis i e`volyuciya dvizheniya «Taliban» // Rossiya i mir: nauchny`j dialog. – 2023. – № 2(8). – S. 20–31. DOI: 10.53658/RW2023-3-2(8)-20-31, https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=54209329
6. Pojya S. Sostoyanie rezhima talibov i poziciya mezhdunarodnogo soobshhestva // Musul`manskij areal k yugu ot rubezhej Rossii (Turciya, Iran, Afganistan, Pakistan, e`tnicheskij Kurdistan). – 2023. – S. 434–453.
7. Xristoforov V.S. Amerikanskie vojska v Afganistane (2001–2021): vy`vesti nel`zya ostavit` // Rossiya i mir: nauchny`j dialog. – 2023. – № 2(8) – S. 55–65. DOI: 10.53658/RW2023-3-2(8)-55-65, https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=54209332
8. Afghanistan Economic Monitor, August 2025. The World Bank. Issue #5, FY 2025.
9. Afghanistan Economic Monitor, March 2025. The World Bank. Issue #3, FY 2025.
10. Afghanistan Economic Monitor, May 2024. The World Bank. Issue #5, FY 2024.
11. Dar sale 1401 hodude 820 hazar karmande dawlati az tariqe budzhae melli ma’ash darjaft mekonand [E`lektronny`j resurs] // Bakhtar news, 14.05.2022. – URL: در سال 1401 حدود 820 هزار کارمند دولتی از طریق بودجۀ ملی معاش دریافت میکنند – خبرگزاری باختر (data obrashheniya: 30.08.2025).
12. Dasture rahbare Taleban; Hodude 90 hazar bast dar vizarate ma’arif hezf meshavad [E`lektronny`j resurs] // The Right Monitor Media, 20.05.2025. – URL: دستور رهبر طالبان؛ حدود ۹۰ هزار بست در وزارت معارف حذف میشود – Varient – News Magazine (data obrashheniya: 28.08.2025).
13. Kaheshe ma’ash va tanqise bastha; karkunane davlati: Taleban dar paye tasfihe maash [E`lektronny`j resurs] // Hashte Subh Daily, 28.04.2025. – URL: https://8am.media/fa/salary-cuts-and-job-cuts-government-employees-taliban-are-seeking-to-purge-us/ (data obrashheniya: 20.08.2025).
14. Mo’avine vizire eqtesade Taleban khabare tavaqoffe hoquqe karmandan-ra ta’jid kard [E`lektronny`j resurs] // Hamdam news, 02.02.2025. – URL: https://hamdam.news/معاون-وزیر-اقتصاد-طالبان-خبر-توقف-حقوق/ (data obrashheniya: 26.08.2025).
15. Modzhahed: Budzhae Afghanistan az manabe’e dakheli ta’min meshavad [E`lektronny`j resurs] // Tasnim, 31.01.2025. – URL: مجاهد: بودجه افغانستان از منابع داخلی تأمین میشود – تسنیم (data obrashheniya: 26.08.2025).
16. Qat’e kumakhae Amrika: Taleban: hoquqe karmandan pardakht meshavad [E`lektronny`j resurs] // IrAf, 31.01.2025. – URL:قطع کمکهای آمریکا (data obrashheniya: 30.08.2025).
17. Statistical Yearbook 2022-23. National Statistics and Information Authority (NSIA). – Issue No: 44. – Kabul, 2023.
18. Statistical Yearbook 2023-24. National Statistics and Information Authority (NSIA), № 45. – Kabul, 2024.
19. Ta’kide mottaqa’edan bar shaffafejat va tasre’e rawande pardakhte hoquq [E`lektronny`j resurs] // Tolonews, 25.08.2025. – URL: https://tolonews.com/fa/afghanistan-195537 (data obrashheniya: 29.08.2025).
20. Vizarate malija ravande pardakhte hoquqe mottaqa’edan 9 edara-ra aghaz kard [E`lektronny`j resurs] // Tolonews, 24.08.2025. – URL: https://tolonews.com/fa/afghanistan-195524 (data obrashheniya: 29.08.2025).
Citation link: Okimbekov U.V. State budget of Afghanistan under the taliban // Humanities researches of the Central Russia. – 2025. – №4 (37). – P. 27-37.DOI: 10.24412/2541-9056-2025-437-27-37